The development community has been off and running ever since the SDK for Jelly Bean was released a couple of days ago. It was originally only available to Google I/O attendees who received the takju version of the Galaxy Nexus. Shortly after, ROMs were created for all GSM Galaxy Nexus? as well as the Verizon Galaxy Nexus. Then yesterday we saw the HTC One X receive a port from the Verizon ROM, but not much was working.
Now all we have left is the Samsung Galaxy S III, at least for flagship phones. Well XDA member faryabb,?along with some help from randomblame, just del?
Continue Reading Here Samsung Galaxy S III (I9300) gets a Jelly Bean port as well Robert Nazarian ? talkandroid.com
As temperatures again reached triple digits Saturday, millions of people in the Mid-Atlantic and Midwest were without power after violent storms toppled trees, cut power lines and killed at least 13 people, 6 of them in Virginia.
Ohio also saw up to 1 million homes and businesses without power due to overnight storms, and at least one person died there.
Two cousins, ages 2 and 7, were killed by a falling tree at a campsite in New Jersey's Parvin State Park. Two people were also killed in Maryland, one in Kentucky and one in Washington.
Five other deaths in recent days are thought to have been tied to the heat wave hanging over much of the nation.
100-degree plus temperatures were expected in areas across 25 states, a heat scenario impacting 47 million people, the Weather Channel's Julie Martin said on NBC's TODAY show.
By early Saturday afternoon, cities across the Southeast -- from Tennessee to the Carolinas -- saw triple digits, while Washington, D.C. was in the 90s and Baltimore at 100.
Atlanta saw 106 degrees, breaking its all-time record of 105 degrees, set in 1980.
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The storms cut power more than 2 million homes and businesses across the Mid-Atlantic area -- including 1.5 million in the Washington, D.C., area, NBCWashington.com reported.
"We have more than half our system down," said Myra Oppel, a spokeswoman for Pepco, a utility serving the D.C. area that had 400,000 customers without power after 80 mph gusts knocked down trees and power lines.
"This is definitely going to be a multi-day outage," Oppel added -- not good news for those relying on air-conditioning to deal with the muggy, triple-digit temperatures this weekend.
Repairing damage "is a monumental task," added Ed McDonough, a spokesman for the Maryland Department of Emergency Management. "This is something that is going to take days, not hours."
Water restrictions were? ordered in Montgomery and Prince George's counties because the storms had knocked out power to its filtration plants and other facilities.
And the high heat prompted the AT&T National golf tournament at the Congressional Country Club in Bethesda, Md., to close the competition to spectators and volunteers on Saturday. Play was delayed for hours as crews cleaned up fallen trees.
In suburban Washington, residents were told to call non-emergency phone numbers or go to fire and police stations if they needed help because even 911 emergency call centers were without electricity.
Trees were blamed for two deaths in Springfield, Va. ? a 90-year-old woman in her home and a man driving a car.
Gov. Bob McDonnell in a statement said four others were killed by falling trees in Virginia, which saw its largest non-hurricane power outage in history. Some 250 roads in Virginia were blocked by trees, the state said.
In addition, a park police officer was injured by an uprooted tree in northern Virginia, and an 18-year-old man was struck by a power line. He was in stable condition after receiving CPR.
Damage in the D.C. area included a rooftop blown off a 7-story apartment building, and dozens of damaged homes.
Widespread power outages were reported from Indiana to New Jersey.
On Friday, the nation's capital reached 104 degrees ? its hottest June day on record.
'Everything good is down': Storm knocks out Netflix, Instagram
The heat is also suspected to have been the cause of the deaths of two young brothers in eastern Tennessee, Reuters reported. The boys, aged 3 and 5, had been playing outside Thursday. The younger boy died Thursday, and the older boy on Friday afternoon, according to Eric Blach, administrator for the Bradley County Medical Examiner's Office.
Video: Record Heat and Big Storms Possible (on this page)
In Kansas City, Mo., city health officials said Friday they were investigating the deaths of three area residents, including a baby boy, to determine if they were heat-related, according to Reuters.
Early Saturday, the National Weather Service issued excessive heat warnings for parts of Maryland, Delaware, Pennsylvania, Washington, D.C., Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia, Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Kentucky, Alabama, Tennessee and Arizona.
It said the temperatures could get "dangerously hot."
Video: Drought hits cattle ranchers' wallets (on this page)
Weather.com published a map of the U.S. showing areas at risk of severe thunderstorms Saturday, with an area from Iowa to the Mid-Atlantic at risk.
"A powerful derecho developed Friday over Indiana and marched eastward across Ohio, the Virginias and into Maryland and Delaware, causing widespread wind damage with gusts over 90 miles per hour in some cases," it added.
"Another round of widespread damaging winds may materialize in these hard-hit areas," it warned. "A second area of severe weather is possible for the central and northern Plains, but those storms may be more isolated in nature."
Slideshow: Summertime living (on this page)
West Virginia Gov. Earl Ray Tomblin declared a state of emergency after more than 500,000 customers in 27 counties were left without electricity because of the storm.
More than 20 elderly residents at an apartment home in Indianapolis were displaced when the facility lost power due to a downed tree.
In Ohio, the storms damaged property and toppled three tractor trailers on Interstate 75 near Findlay.
"I'm in Columbus, Ohio," Brittney Mettke posted on msnbc.com's Facebook page. "I haven't had power since 6 pm yesterday and it's about 100 degrees now. It's pretty tough with a toddler. More storms tonight, and temps in the high nineties all week. They are saying about to week to restore power."
"We were hit with 80+mph winds and rain last evening," added Suzanne Peterson Helt, who said she was from Ohio, too. "They say there weren't any toronados near us but when the rain travels horizontally down the street and the roof is missing from the local Subway ... I have to wonder. So many fallen trees at power poles that the State Route I live on was closed for hours while they cleaned up the mess."
The Associated Press and Reuters contributed to this report.
Mary J. Blige is speaking out for the first time about the stir surrounding her controversial Burger King commercial that leaked in April.
Appearing on Hot 97's Angie Martinez show on Thursday, the R&B star talked about the fallout from the ad and asked for forgiveness from her fans. "I want to apologize to everyone that was offended or thought that I would do something so disrespectful to our culture. I would never do anything like that purposefully. I thought I was doing something right. So forgive me."
Burger King pulls controversial Mary J. Blige ad
In the Burger King commerical, which leaked back in April, Blige sang about a fried chicken wrap to the tune of her song "Don't Mind." The ad was widely criticized for playing into African-American stereotypes, and the fast-food chain quickly pulled the commercial, citing music licensing issues. Soon after, the company issued a public mea culpa to Blige: "We would like to apologize to Mary J. and all of her fans for airing an ad that was not final. We know how important Mary J. is to her fans, and we are currently in the process of finalizing the commercial. We hope to have the final ad on the air soon."
On Thursday, Blige recalled seeing the leaked version of the ad for the first time. "Oh my God, my heart dropped down to my stomach," Blige told Martinez. "I got this sweat and I said, real calm, 'This too shall pass.' But it just kept getting worse and worse and worse ... I went online to listen to the remix I did with Fat Joe, and all I can see is 'Burger King' and 'chicken' and 'buffoonery.' It just broke my heart.
Burger King apologizes to Mary J. Blige for controversial ad
"I would never just bust out singing about chicken and chicken wings," added Blige. "It hurt my feelings and crushed me for two days."
Explaining why she's remained silent about the ad until now, Blige said, "There was too much going on for me to stick my head out there and say anything. So I just pulled back and watched everyone and everything."
100 greatest singers of all time: Mary J. Blige
Blige added that she was originally sold on the idea that she would "be shot in an iconic way" for the ad and that she'd seen it as "a great branding opportunity." She also said that while she understood the jokes about the spot looking back, the experience also showed her who her real friends were. "Busta Rhymes hit me and he was like, "Are you ok, sis? I see what you were trying to do,'" recalled Blige. "Fat Joe hit me; he was like, 'Yo, we don't care about that stupid chicken commercial or whatever. We love you, Mary, and we know what you were trying to do."'
Still, Blige said, "It was a mistake when you look at it at the end of the day, because people look at it as a mistake. But I did it because I thought it was something that wouldn't come out like that."
Communicators hear how blogging is another way for church to evangelize
Published:
INDIANAPOLIS (CNS) -- Blogging offers the Catholic Church one more way to evangelize for the faith while reaching new audiences, especially young people, a panel of Catholic bloggers told a packed room during the Catholic Media Conference in Indianapolis. The panelists, which included Bishop Christopher J. Coyne, apostolic administrator of the Archdiocese of Indianapolis, a frequent user of Twitter, agreed that while not all bloggers are official church representatives, the relatively new but quickly growing form of communication has influenced how the church spreads its message. They also said during the June 22 session that blogging, like any communication tool, must be used responsibly. Elizabeth Scalia, managing editor of the Catholic portal at Patheos.com and writer of a blog named The Anchoress, said that traditional print publications, such as diocesan newspapers, with a strong Internet presence can act quickly to clarify misperceptions about the church in the mainstream media. She suggested that the newspaper blogs could track a story and make corrections in real time, providing an overview of an event until publication day. While the longevity of blogs may be short-lived, Scalia said that their impact can be long term. "Put your stuff on the Internet and for better or worse, it's there forever," she said. "In a way that gives the Holy Spirit some room to work. A thing you wrote three years ago and forgot about may come up in the Google search of someone who really needs to see it, and suddenly evangelization, tailor-made for that person, happens."
Copyright (c) Catholic News Service /U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops. The CNS news report may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or otherwise distributed, including but not limited to such means as framing or any other digital copying or distribution method, in whole or in part without the prior written authority of Catholic News Service .
1. What are the three most ?important ?factors (in order) that attract applicants younger than age 40 to an employer?
?? a. Job security, base pay, health ?benefits
?? b. Health benefits, base pay, length of commute
?? c. Base pay, health benefits, retirement benefits
2. In 2006, nearly half (46%) of ?employers reimbursed employees at least ?partially for continuing education costs needed to maintain professional designations. What percentage do so now?
?? a. 62%???
?? b. 41%???
?? c. 26%
3.? OSHA recently alerted its auditors to crack down on employers that:
?? a. Fail to fill out their injury ?record-keeping forms
?? b. Discourage employees from reporting injuries
?? c. Fail to post required safety posters
4.? Wells Fargo received bad publicity last month for firing an employee after it discovered:
?? a. She did her banking with a competitor
?? b. She had a shoplifting conviction from 1972
?? c. She kept fingernail clippings in her desk drawer
5.? What do employers say is the biggest problem they face with FMLA leave for chronic ailments?
?? a. Cost associated with loss of ?productivity
?? b. Tracking employees? use of ?intermittent leave
?? c. Gauging the legitimacy of leave requests
___________________________________
Sources: 1. Towers Watson survey; 2. Robert Half Accounting survey; 3. OSHA; 4. AP News; 5. SHRM.
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It?s been a couple of months now since the Google Penguin update, which has had a significant effect on the way PRs do things. Google really hammered the message home that this is something that does concern a business?s PR strategy, and subsequently lots of companies have been forced to reevaluate.
Bye, bye Spam
Penguin?s impact has been most felt by sites using a narrow link building strategy.? Google treat links as a sign ofpopularity, so if all the links come from pages that no-one ever visits and look like they?ve been placed by the same person, you?re probably at risk.? If you?re mostly relying on directory submissions, and all of your links use a single keyword or phrase as anchor text, then it?s a pretty big signal to Google that your links are not naturally given.
Google has made a stand against irrelevant and spammy content in favour of well written, high quality, useful content and putting the customer?s needs first. The most relevant content has now been given prominence, rather than the most optimised.
GSOH seeks long-term love, not a superficial fling
This is something however which any Online PR with integrity would be following ?anyway. Shameless links to pointless content aren?t good for anybody as if the ?brand message within the content isn?t communicated in a professional way to a ?high standard then we aren?t representing our clients in a great light.
Good Online PR and SEO strategies should be part of a long ball game, laying the ?foundations for a strong representation of the brand and employing their tone of ?voice, key principles and reputation within beneficial content, placed where it ?has the strongest chance of being useful. It should not be about quick fix, low
quality content solutions as these represent the brand negatively and long-term are not beneficial.
No one trick ponies
In order to have a wide reaching strategy that communicates with more of their demographic, any good SEO Company will be employing a variety of effective ways. There needs to be a harmonious blend of a range of Online PR principles:
-????????? press releases
-????????? advertorials
-????????? guest posts
-????????? social media to leverage more coverage ? and the more you can get customers to engage with your content, the better.
Online PR should be maximising good blogger relations along with excellent content writers to produce high quality content and share it with bloggers. Online PR and Social Media naturally feed?into one another, so sharing is everything and the most popular content will therefore be recognised as high quality content and boost SEO rankings.
Like baking a cake, quality ingredients and timing is everything
However having an Online PR team within an SEO team bridges the gap ?between ?PR and SEO as they are at the front line of developments within ?search and this ?means they can spring into action with a renewed strategy ?much more quickly. ?Quality has always been the traditional approach to a ?PR campaign so why ?should an Online PR campaign be any different?
But as any PR worth their salt will know, timing is also important ? and in ?the ?world of Online PR this is even more crucial because of the nature of ?constantly ?evolving news and trends. Trending subjects and time sensitive content is everything. It encourages a higher level of engagement with customers and gains interest. It?s a great thing that Google have recognised the customer?s needs and the magic of Online PR is achieving useful content written for the customer and not necessarily the brand, but at the same time making the brand more visible to the customer so they can find this info.
There are hundreds of diets, food plans and weight loss programs that promise to help lose weight in a quick and easy way. However the truth is other than promised, thus rather than aiming for quick results, isn?t it better to aim for a fit and healthy body? Even though this might sound straight out of a self-help book, it is in fact essential to understand the benefits of a healthy body over a thin body.
One might argue that dieting is equivalent to a healthy body, but that may not be a case. Starving one?s body in order to lose weight is not healthy as the body loses all its nutrients; instead eating of healthy and wholesome food is a much healthier option.? Weight loss clinic in Vancouver offers some healthy tips that enable not just losing weight, but also keeping fit in the right manner.
? Active Lifestyle: In order to promote weight loss, it is important to bring about a change in lifestyle.
Active lifestyle does not necessarily mean exercising and going to the gym every day, instead it incorporates small but effective changes such as taking steps instead of elevators, walking to the grocery rather than taking a car, enjoying outdoor picnics rather than movies.
? Getting rid of the Junk Food: From a long time experts have been warning against the inclusion of junk food in everyday diet. Today most kids and young adults prefer unhealthy fast food over healthy wholesome meal. Preventive measures are important rather than treating obesity or over weight issues latter on in life. Parents and teachers must take conscious steps in order to educate children as well as inculcate more physical activities.
? Set Realistic Goals: In the anticipation of getting a perfect body, most people set unrealistic goals which are difficult to attain and thus become a cause of much distress.
Rather than setting such goals, it is advisable to reach for attainable goals. The importance should be to become fit and not just thin. Mere loss of weight can cause severe complications; instead healthy diet not only helps to lose weight but also keeps the body fit as well as in shape.
? Encouragement: This is one of the most important factors in order to ensure healthy weight loss as it acts as a booster for most people. Families and friends must support those aiming to lead a healthy lifestyle as that would result in a long lasting commitment and thus help lose weight.
Understanding the Difference between Healthy lifestyle and Weight Loss For most people an ideal weight is judged according to the latest trend, but instead ideal weight is the one that is in par with the physical structure and age. According to weight loss clinic in Vancouver, crash diet deprives the body of essential nutrients that are required for daily metabolism. A well balanced diet incorporating all the nutrients along with an active lifestyle is the best way to achieve a healthy life.
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Product creation requires a certain type of mindset, it seems, because so few individual online marketers choose to do it. It does seem to us that quite a few people seem to want to choose affiliate marketing. This may be because, on the surface, product creation seems quite difficult but the truth is that it is also quite a lot of fun. So don?t let yourself get pushed to do one thing or another?the decision is a personal one that you need to decide for yourself. In the next few paragraphs we?ll offer some insight into the pros and the cons of product creation.
You get complete control over the end result when you decide to create your own product. But there is more to it than that such as more control over the marketing of it. When you?ve got your own product you get to do pretty much whatever you want to do with your marketing and your sales funnel. Just one powerful aspect is running your own tests on your sales copy and optimizing it. Affiliates typically do not have this kind of freedom unless the creator or vendor of the product gives you permission to do so. You, basically, have a complete control which is something you shouldn?t take lightly.
Oftentimes, people will pursue the Internet marketing dream, yet realize later on that day are pursuing something they should not. Making money online may keep people selling affiliate products for many years on end. You may have tried something different, like writing or something similar. You may have taken an article writing course or a copywriting course and really enjoyed it. You kept going and began trying to get clients and earn some cash, and you kept building on that. When it came down to it, you ended up trying to be a freelance writer or copywriter instead. All you have to do is think about what you want to accomplish, following your heart with every decision.
In a paradoxical kind of way, making money online with your own products and services can be a bit strange. Regardless of whether you are doing several things, or just a few, they can be both difficult and easy to get them done. You should consider something for a moment, such as the fact that everything comes down to your mindset and your perspective. Beginners and intermediates struggle the most with online marketing because they sabotage themselves in dozens of ways. Despite the fact that people do not hit home runs, advanced marketers know what they are doing in most cases. In most cases, over a period of time, people will know exactly what they need to do to make money with their online business.
As you continue your education in online business and marketing, you will pick up lessons and tips here and there. But the greatest teacher of all is experience, making mistakes of all kinds, figuring things out on your own and pressing on. In time, your confidence will build, and you will feel much more comfortable building your Internet business.
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Violence against women in Mexico, Honduras, and Guatemala has reached crisis proportions, according to a report by the Nobel Women's Initiative. The group's delegation spent ten days documenting homicides, disappearances, and attacks of sexual violence. Laura Carlsen wrote the report and discusses the findings with guest host Viviana Hurtado.
Try not to create a website that?s too distracting while still aesthetically appealing. When someone comes to your website you have about five seconds to capture their attention and make them want to stay. If your site can?t quickly grab your visitor?s attention, they will click away to search elsewhere.
A great Internet marketing strategy is to offer your customers additional discounts if they spend over a certain amount of money. If a customer spends $50, offer them free shipping, or similar offers. This is a great way to get people to spend more money on your products.
Doing business online is an anonymous affair for the most part. This is especially important for small business owners who need to use relationship building and personal selling to retain customers.
Test how effective your emails are to learn what gets a response from your customers. A/B testing is one of the most popular options. You create an email campaign and change only a single thing in the message. You will be comparing the effectiveness of the alternate versions, so make sure that only one thing is different, whether it is the introduction, the call to action, or the subject line. Send one campaign version to one group of customers, and the other to an equally-sized group. Then, document the success of each. If one variation outperforms the other, adopt it as your standard.
You must take advantage of every tool at your disposal to be successful in Internet marketing. Neglecting to remain current undermines your clients? confidence in your capabilities. Show your audience that you are first on the cutting edge of the business, and they will learn to trust you and your products.
One way to become an authority or subject-matter expert is to compile a relevant glossary on your website. This will help everyone who visits your website. Anyone that searches for these words will find your website, and you can get plenty of traffic and be known as an expert.
You should implement a system in which your customers can leave feedback via reviews and ratings. Once a buyer has given feedback that illustrates the strong points and weaknesses of a product, other potential customers can make a more-informed purchasing decision. You can use honest reviews and ratings to improve your product offerings, too.
Think about your service or product, and how good the quality actually is. The fact is that a low-quality product will never sell, even if the advertising is spot-on. Choosing a good product in the first place will help you make profits more easily.
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How an ancestral fungus may have influenced coal formationPublic release date: 28-Jun-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: David Gilbert degilbert@lbl.gov 925-296-5643 DOE/Joint Genome Institute
Tracking the remnants of the carbon cycle
For want of a nail, the nursery rhyme goes, a kingdom was lost. A similar, seemingly innocuous changethe evolution of a lineage of mushroomsmay have had a massive impact on the carbon cycle, bringing an end to the 60-million year period during which coal deposits were formed.
Coal generated nearly half of the roughly four trillion kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed in the United States in 2010, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. This fuel is actually the fossilized remains of plants that lived from around 360 to 300 million years ago. An international team of scientists, including researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI), has proposed a new factor that may have contributed to the end of the Carboniferous periodnamed after the large stores of what became coal deposits. The evidence, presented online in the June 29 edition of the journal Science, suggests that the evolution of fungi capable of breaking down the polymer lignin, which helps keep plant cell walls rigid, may have played a key role in ending the development of coal deposits. With the arrival of the new fungi, dead plant matter could be completely broken down into its basic chemical components. Instead of accumulating as peat, which eventually was transformed into coal, the great bulk of plant biomass decayed and was released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
"We're hoping this will get into the biology and geology textbooks," said Clark University biologist David Hibbett, senior author of the comprehensive study comparing the complete genomes of dozens of species of fungi, most of which were sequenced at the DOE JGI. "When you read about coal formation it's usually explained in terms of physical processes, and that the rate of coal deposition just crashed at the end of the Permo-Carboniferous. Why was that? There are various explanations. The evolution of white rot fungi could've been a factor perhaps a major factor. Once you have white rot you can break down lignin, the major precursor of coal. So the evolution of white rot is a very important event in the evolution of carbon cycle."
"The concept of the invention of an enzyme that can break down the 'unbreakable' is really great," said Kenneth Nealson, Wrigley Chair in Environmental Studies and Professor of Earth Sciences and Biological Sciences at the University of Southern California. "The idea that a stable (inedible) form of organic carbon can become edible (and thus more difficult to bury over time), changes our perspective not only on global energy storage in the past, but on what it means for present day carbon sequestration and storage, in that sense this idea will have a big impact on our thinking about the past and the present."
For their study, Hibbett and his colleagues focused on Basidiomycetes, which include mushroom species with the familiar cap-and-stem look that most people associate with fungi. Basidiomycetes also include brown rot fungi such as the dry rot that can destroy houses by breaking down the cellulose in the construction wood but leave the lignin untouched and white rot fungi of interest to the pulp and paper industries that can break down both types of polymers. Of the 31 brown rot and white rot fungal genomes that were compared for the study, 26 were sequenced at the DOE JGI, including a dozen that were done specifically for the study to flesh out representation of the fungal orders.
Igor Grigoriev, head of the DOE JGI Fungal Genomics Program noted that the comparative fungal genomics study underscores the abiding interest in support to DOE mission, to harness fungal enzymes for converting biopolymers such as cellulose into simple sugars to optimize biofuels production. In this pursuit, Grigoriev and his colleagues continue to contribute to growing list of firsts. "The first fungus ever sequenced at the DOE JGI was also the first genome of a white rot fungus," he said. "A few years later, we sequenced the first brown rot fungus. Less than a decade after that first fungal genome, we're presenting the first large-scale comparison of wood-decaying fungi."
With multiple fungal genomes on hand, the team compared DNA sequences, searching for gene families that encoded enzymes involved in wood decay. They focused particularly on enzymes called class II fungal peroxidases that turned out to be present in the lineages of white rot fungi but not in brown rot fungi, suggesting they played a role in breaking down the lignin in plants.
The researchers then used molecular clock analyses to track the evolution of the enzymes back through the fungal lineages. The idea is that just as the hands of a clock move at a defined rate around the dial, genes accumulate mutations at a roughly constant rate. This rate of change allows researchers to work backwards, estimating when two lineages last shared a common ancestor based on the amount of divergence.
The comparative analyses suggested that around 290 million years ago, right at the end of the Carboniferous period, a white rot fungal ancestor with the capacity to break down lignin appeared. Prior to that ancestor, fungi did not have that ability and thus the lignin in plant matter was not degraded, allowing these lignin-rich residues to build up in soil over time. Because molecular clock analyses have substantial error, fungal "fossils" are needed for calibration. For this study, the molecular clock analyses were calibrated against three fungal fossils. Hibbett said that more fossils would help improve the age estimate. "Unfortunately," he added, "fungal fossils are rare and easily overlooked." He said that his group is interested in trying to reconstruct that ancestral white rot fungal genome. "We're motivated to understand when this metabolic pathway responsible for lignin degradation came into existence. That's why we needed to have that many fungal genomes in this study. Up until fairly recently, it was so much work to just get one genome at a time. Now we have comparative fungal genomics projects as we're transitioning to a cool time with hundreds of fungal genomes."
Joseph Spatafora, a professor at Oregon State University and co-author on the study, agrees with Hibbett's assessment that the group's findings could alter biology and geology texts. "When you look at this particular phenomenon of the decrease of coal deposition, by far the majority of explanations have been abiotic and that doesn't seem like that should be the entire story," he said.
Grigoriev said that this paper is the first product of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Fungi, the DOE JGI umbrella project that focuses fungal genome sequencing efforts on DOE-relevant missions in energy and the environment. "This paper is the first chapter in the Encyclopedia," he said, "The data generated has produced the most comprehensive catalog of lignocellulolytic enzymes yet, which is of interest to industry. We've now got the blueprint of all genes across very diverse phylogenies, and we'll get more. This is a huge step forward. The next milestone is the 1000 Fungal Genomes project to complete the entire diversity in Basidiomycetes."
As the head of the 1000 Fungal Genomes project, a part of the DOE JGI's Community Sequencing Program portfolio, Spatafora said that despite the goal of facilitating the sequencing of a thousand fungal genomes, two from each of 500 families, over five years, fungal genomics still has a long way to go. "There's an estimated 1.5 million species of fungi," he said. "We have names for about 100,000 species, and we're looking at 1,000 fungi in this project. This is still the tip of the iceberg in looking at fungal diversity and we're trying to learn even more to gain a better idea of fungal metabolism and the potential to harness fungi for a number of applications, including bioenergy. It's a really exciting time in fungal biology, and part of that is due to the technology today that allows us to address the really longstanding questions."
###
Video of Hibbett's "Evolutionary Perspectives on Diversity of Lignocellulose Decay Mechanisms in Basidiomycetes" presentation at the DOE Joint Genome Institute's 7th Annual Genomics of Energy & Environment Meeting on March 21, 2012 can be viewed here: http://bit.ly/JGI7Hibbett
The U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the DOE Office of Science, is committed to advancing genomics in support of DOE missions related to clean energy generation and environmental characterization and cleanup. DOE JGI, headquartered in Walnut Creek, Calif., provides integrated high-throughput sequencing and computational analysis that enable systems-based scientific approaches to these challenges. Follow @doe_jgi on Twitter.
DOE's Office of Science is the largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit science.energy.gov.
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How an ancestral fungus may have influenced coal formationPublic release date: 28-Jun-2012 [ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: David Gilbert degilbert@lbl.gov 925-296-5643 DOE/Joint Genome Institute
Tracking the remnants of the carbon cycle
For want of a nail, the nursery rhyme goes, a kingdom was lost. A similar, seemingly innocuous changethe evolution of a lineage of mushroomsmay have had a massive impact on the carbon cycle, bringing an end to the 60-million year period during which coal deposits were formed.
Coal generated nearly half of the roughly four trillion kilowatt-hours of electricity consumed in the United States in 2010, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. This fuel is actually the fossilized remains of plants that lived from around 360 to 300 million years ago. An international team of scientists, including researchers at the U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute (DOE JGI), has proposed a new factor that may have contributed to the end of the Carboniferous periodnamed after the large stores of what became coal deposits. The evidence, presented online in the June 29 edition of the journal Science, suggests that the evolution of fungi capable of breaking down the polymer lignin, which helps keep plant cell walls rigid, may have played a key role in ending the development of coal deposits. With the arrival of the new fungi, dead plant matter could be completely broken down into its basic chemical components. Instead of accumulating as peat, which eventually was transformed into coal, the great bulk of plant biomass decayed and was released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.
"We're hoping this will get into the biology and geology textbooks," said Clark University biologist David Hibbett, senior author of the comprehensive study comparing the complete genomes of dozens of species of fungi, most of which were sequenced at the DOE JGI. "When you read about coal formation it's usually explained in terms of physical processes, and that the rate of coal deposition just crashed at the end of the Permo-Carboniferous. Why was that? There are various explanations. The evolution of white rot fungi could've been a factor perhaps a major factor. Once you have white rot you can break down lignin, the major precursor of coal. So the evolution of white rot is a very important event in the evolution of carbon cycle."
"The concept of the invention of an enzyme that can break down the 'unbreakable' is really great," said Kenneth Nealson, Wrigley Chair in Environmental Studies and Professor of Earth Sciences and Biological Sciences at the University of Southern California. "The idea that a stable (inedible) form of organic carbon can become edible (and thus more difficult to bury over time), changes our perspective not only on global energy storage in the past, but on what it means for present day carbon sequestration and storage, in that sense this idea will have a big impact on our thinking about the past and the present."
For their study, Hibbett and his colleagues focused on Basidiomycetes, which include mushroom species with the familiar cap-and-stem look that most people associate with fungi. Basidiomycetes also include brown rot fungi such as the dry rot that can destroy houses by breaking down the cellulose in the construction wood but leave the lignin untouched and white rot fungi of interest to the pulp and paper industries that can break down both types of polymers. Of the 31 brown rot and white rot fungal genomes that were compared for the study, 26 were sequenced at the DOE JGI, including a dozen that were done specifically for the study to flesh out representation of the fungal orders.
Igor Grigoriev, head of the DOE JGI Fungal Genomics Program noted that the comparative fungal genomics study underscores the abiding interest in support to DOE mission, to harness fungal enzymes for converting biopolymers such as cellulose into simple sugars to optimize biofuels production. In this pursuit, Grigoriev and his colleagues continue to contribute to growing list of firsts. "The first fungus ever sequenced at the DOE JGI was also the first genome of a white rot fungus," he said. "A few years later, we sequenced the first brown rot fungus. Less than a decade after that first fungal genome, we're presenting the first large-scale comparison of wood-decaying fungi."
With multiple fungal genomes on hand, the team compared DNA sequences, searching for gene families that encoded enzymes involved in wood decay. They focused particularly on enzymes called class II fungal peroxidases that turned out to be present in the lineages of white rot fungi but not in brown rot fungi, suggesting they played a role in breaking down the lignin in plants.
The researchers then used molecular clock analyses to track the evolution of the enzymes back through the fungal lineages. The idea is that just as the hands of a clock move at a defined rate around the dial, genes accumulate mutations at a roughly constant rate. This rate of change allows researchers to work backwards, estimating when two lineages last shared a common ancestor based on the amount of divergence.
The comparative analyses suggested that around 290 million years ago, right at the end of the Carboniferous period, a white rot fungal ancestor with the capacity to break down lignin appeared. Prior to that ancestor, fungi did not have that ability and thus the lignin in plant matter was not degraded, allowing these lignin-rich residues to build up in soil over time. Because molecular clock analyses have substantial error, fungal "fossils" are needed for calibration. For this study, the molecular clock analyses were calibrated against three fungal fossils. Hibbett said that more fossils would help improve the age estimate. "Unfortunately," he added, "fungal fossils are rare and easily overlooked." He said that his group is interested in trying to reconstruct that ancestral white rot fungal genome. "We're motivated to understand when this metabolic pathway responsible for lignin degradation came into existence. That's why we needed to have that many fungal genomes in this study. Up until fairly recently, it was so much work to just get one genome at a time. Now we have comparative fungal genomics projects as we're transitioning to a cool time with hundreds of fungal genomes."
Joseph Spatafora, a professor at Oregon State University and co-author on the study, agrees with Hibbett's assessment that the group's findings could alter biology and geology texts. "When you look at this particular phenomenon of the decrease of coal deposition, by far the majority of explanations have been abiotic and that doesn't seem like that should be the entire story," he said.
Grigoriev said that this paper is the first product of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Fungi, the DOE JGI umbrella project that focuses fungal genome sequencing efforts on DOE-relevant missions in energy and the environment. "This paper is the first chapter in the Encyclopedia," he said, "The data generated has produced the most comprehensive catalog of lignocellulolytic enzymes yet, which is of interest to industry. We've now got the blueprint of all genes across very diverse phylogenies, and we'll get more. This is a huge step forward. The next milestone is the 1000 Fungal Genomes project to complete the entire diversity in Basidiomycetes."
As the head of the 1000 Fungal Genomes project, a part of the DOE JGI's Community Sequencing Program portfolio, Spatafora said that despite the goal of facilitating the sequencing of a thousand fungal genomes, two from each of 500 families, over five years, fungal genomics still has a long way to go. "There's an estimated 1.5 million species of fungi," he said. "We have names for about 100,000 species, and we're looking at 1,000 fungi in this project. This is still the tip of the iceberg in looking at fungal diversity and we're trying to learn even more to gain a better idea of fungal metabolism and the potential to harness fungi for a number of applications, including bioenergy. It's a really exciting time in fungal biology, and part of that is due to the technology today that allows us to address the really longstanding questions."
###
Video of Hibbett's "Evolutionary Perspectives on Diversity of Lignocellulose Decay Mechanisms in Basidiomycetes" presentation at the DOE Joint Genome Institute's 7th Annual Genomics of Energy & Environment Meeting on March 21, 2012 can be viewed here: http://bit.ly/JGI7Hibbett
The U.S. Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, supported by the DOE Office of Science, is committed to advancing genomics in support of DOE missions related to clean energy generation and environmental characterization and cleanup. DOE JGI, headquartered in Walnut Creek, Calif., provides integrated high-throughput sequencing and computational analysis that enable systems-based scientific approaches to these challenges. Follow @doe_jgi on Twitter.
DOE's Office of Science is the largest supporter of basic research in the physical sciences in the United States, and is working to address some of the most pressing challenges of our time. For more information, please visit science.energy.gov.
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?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
Content management system (CMS) came into subsistence in varied forms, such as system utilities, software development tools, fragmentation of authorized systems and many more.
However, since last ten years the process of website development and creation has undergone some radical changes in terms of content formation and document and other related data maintenance.
Inception of IT has actually postulated the deployment of appropriate Content Management Systems (CMS). The rapid emergence of both World Wide Web and a wide spectrum of web based applications have led to the enrichment of CMS feature and performance.
Content Management System (CMS) is a system that facilitates the publication, creation, repossession and edition of information in digital trend.
It mainly includes management and administration of text or content on the web site. In addition, you can even integrate various multimedia elements like images, motion graphics, 3-D animation, and audio and video files etc., in real time or otherwise as needed.
In the context of e-learning, the usage of CMS application is typically in the form of courseware creation, retrieval and modification, document handling and online publication etc.
Some of the main and well-known features of Content Management System to be considered are as follows:
Enables the sharing and contribution of data within a group of large number of people.
Control unauthorised access to data through user based logins.
Facilitate data storage and salvage.
Manages data validity and compliance.
Controls input duplication.
Makes report writing easier.
Improve communication among end-users.
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Delineation of data: documents, movies, texts, pictures, phone numbers, etc.
Basically, there are lots of reasons behind the implementation of Content Management System.
Through this article we would like to throw light on some of the advantages of CMS. They are:
Enables decentralized maintenance of a commercial website. It allows the end-user to edit his/her website anytime and anywhere, despite of the fact what type of web browser he/she is using.
Allows the end-user to create, edit and delete content directly without having any technical knowledge.
Only authorised users can edit the uploaded content, provided they are authorised to do that.
Enables automatic generation and adjustment of navigational tools. Navigation menus are characteristically generated automatically based on the content uploaded in the database. Secondly, the URL links provided will never guide the visitors towards the web pages which do not exist at all.
Allows the end-user to create forum, poll, and searchable and news management modules for publication and sharing of interactive and engaging content.
Grants faster and easier updates.
Renders accountability to the self-composed content (logs) and collaboration between authorised users.
Last but not the least facilitates timely scheduling of the content.
In the end, we just want to conclude by saying that with the current advancement in web technologies the integration of CMS in a normal website or an ecommerce online portal or blogging and social networking sites has become necessary. After reading the aforesaid advantages of CMS, if you think of getting your commercial website created based on same technology then do take the assistance of any professional website design company.
Nora Ephron, celebrated screenwriter, director and mother of some of the best known romantic comedies, died today in her beloved New York City.
Earlier in the day, various media outlets first revealed that she was gravely ill. The New York Times cited her son, Jacob Bernstein, also a freelance reporter for the paper, as confirming her death brought on by complications from?leukemia.
During her long career, the three-time Oscar nominee published many books and articles. Though, she was best known for writing romcom classics like "When Harry Met Sally" and writing and directing "Sleepless in Seattle," "You've Got Mail," and most recently, "Julia & Julia."
She is survived by her husband, writer Nicholas Pileggi, and her two sons, Jacob and Max Bernstein.?
The Last Word had the opportunity to speak with Ephron in December of 2010. During her visit to our set, she discussed her own character studies of D.C. politicians and explained to?MSNBC?s Lawrence O?Donnell the romanticism of being?a Democrat: "They break your heart. You believe them. They make promises hope spring eternal."
Louie has none of those things. While the show?s premise, if it can be called that?single dad with two daughters bumbling through life in New York City?might feel familiar, almost nothing else does. Sit down with any particular episode, and there?s no telling what you?ll get. A meditation on the lingering effects of a Catholic upbringing, perhaps. Or a story about going to Afghanistan with the USO. It might be a fantasia on the theme of house-hunting. Or a scripted but highly autobiographical confrontation with another, more famous comedian accused of stealing Louie?s jokes. The episode might show you some of Louie?s stand-up, or it might not. It might consist of two separate stories, a series of vignettes, or one continuous narrative. It might be hilarious. Or it might not even try to be funny.
Google Wednesday introduced what it describes as the "first social streaming device of its kind" with the Nexus Q, which streams your music and entertainment from the cloud to your home, or even to your friends who also have Android phones or tablets.
"It's the first device that lets you create social playlists with your friends," the company said in a video shown on YouTube (shared?below).
The spherical, glowing?Q has the guts of an Android phone and near-field communication to sync with phones nearby. It also has a Micro-USB port. It can?connect to your TV and your stereo system, or run its own speakers with a built-in?amplifier.
It's estimated the player will cost $299. Google will also sell a pair of Triad bookshelf speakers for $399.99 that will work with the Nexus Q.?
The Nexus Q will work in concert with Google's app store, now called Google Play, "play it all on the biggest speakers and screen in the house. There are no downloads, no syncing, no running out of space," the company says.
Check out Technolog, Gadgetbox, Digital Life and In-Game on?Facebook,?and on?Twitter, follow Suzanne Choney.
The college student tradition of sharing or selling used textbooks could come to a screeching halt based on a professor's new patent. That patent would require students to buy access codes with their textbooks to join in mandatory online discussion boards ? and failure to participate would mean lower grades.
A press release first announced the patent filing's approval as U.S. Patent No. 8195571 on June 5. It described the invention by Joseph Henry Vogel, an economics professor at the University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, as a way to prevent textbook piracy and allow publishers to earn money from resold textbooks or pirated e-book versions.
"In the case of a used book or pirated download, the student pays for the access code," according to the press release. "No payment ? no access code ? no participation ? lower final grade."
No U.S. universities or publishers have put the patent into practice just yet, Slate pointed out (although one publisher has reportedly expressed interest). But plenty of readers on websites such as ZDnet.com and TorrentFreak greeted the idea with anger over the added costs on top of ordinary college tuition.
The almost uniform outrage led to a second press release which acknowledged the patent idea's deep unpopularity. It added that Vogel hoped textbook publishers would waive the access code fees for low and moderate-income families.
But the idea still looks out of touch in an era when major universities such as Harvard and MIT have begun offering free courses (and course materials), and when many U.S. college students and parents have already become disenchanted with expensive college tuitions and heavy debt.
Source: U.S. Patent No. 8195571 via Slate
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[unable to retrieve full-text content]Finnish Dragon · Home · Home ? Dragon Boat ? Sports: Playbook A sampling of recreational opportunities in Ballston, Ballston Spa, Malta and MiltonPublished June ? Sports: Playbook A sampling of recreational ...
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Findings of two new studies might send shock waves to American parents as the studies have blamed parents for making kids obese. According to the studies, negligence of parents on the physical activities of children might have resulted into growing incidences of obesity.
The findings of the studies have been published in the journal Early Child Development and Care reports. The journal has reported that parents who spend less time with their children are cause of the growing cases of obesity. It has been found that in the absence of parents, children spend more time in watching TV and in playing video games.
The co-author of the studies, David Schary, said, ?Across all parenting styles, we saw anywhere from four to five hours a day of sedentary activity?. The sedentary lifestyle has been linked to obesity. Sedentary lifestyle makes people lazy, which ultimately lead to obesity.
'I can respect that he wears his feelings on his sleeve,' Kelis says of cover featuring her green wedding dress. By Rob Markman
Nas' Life is Good album cover Photo:
If you were expecting Kelis to scream "I hate you so much right now" after seeing ex-hubby Nas' Life Is Good album cover, then you have the "Milkshake" singer all wrong.
For the cover of his upcoming solo LP, Nas posed with Kelis' green wedding dress, the only item she left behind when she and the Queens rapper split. "My feelings about it are not really relevant, but at the end of the day, Nas is an artist and for whatever it's worth, he's one of the greatest — especially for what it is that he does," Kelis told NME.com about the album cover during an interview at the Isle of Wight Festival in England this past weekend.
Nas first spoke on the significance of the dress when VH1 profiled the usually private MC on their "Behind the Music" special. "She took her stuff out of the house and left her green wedding dress. And that was all she left," he said.
"It clicked right there. You're saying it even in your interview. It's like a given that this should allude to this being on the cover, that statement," Nas told MTV News on June 12. "Some things you can't plan, they happen."
The veteran MC likened himself to an old blues musician, an endearing quality that his ex-wife appreciates. "I feel like, especially someone in hip-hop to really kinda be genuine and honest, whatever the honesty is about, I think it's awesome," she said. "My feelings about it aren't really necessarily valid, it's just the fact that as an artist, I can respect that he wears his feelings on his sleeve. I like that."
Life Is Good is due out July 17.
What is your favorite Nas album cover? Let us know in the comments!
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popularity, so if all the links come from pages that no-one ever visits and look like they?ve been placed by the same person, you?re probably at risk.? If you?re mostly relying on directory submissions, and all of your links use a single keyword or phrase as anchor text, then it?s a pretty big signal to Google that your links are not naturally given.
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Public release date: 28-Jun-2012
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